We’re all aware of the various symptoms of valley fever in dogs. We routinely add a valley fever titer to each patient, who normally receives simple therapy. Valley fever therapy, like everything else concerning cats, may be difficult. Clinical symptoms can range from weight loss and mass lesions to enlarged lymph nodes. Other possible symptoms include difficulty breathing, stomach distension, vomiting, and diarrhea. Cats are known to be more resistant to illness than dogs, although they are typically more resistant to therapy.
Coccidioidomycosis
Coccidioides immitis, a soil-dwelling fungus, requires a unique set of conditions to survive and reproduce. It thrives in places with sandy, alkaline soils, hot temperatures, low precipitation, and low altitude. These scenarios are common in many parts of the world. This fungus is mostly found in North America’s Sonoran living zone, including the southwestern United States, Mexico, and parts of Central America. Coccidioidomycosis is most common in southern California, Arizona, and southwestern Texas in the United States.
Inhaling soil fungus causes infection in both animals and humans. The inhalation of C. immitis spores produces acute respiratory disease. The illness then spreads to other body regions, most commonly affecting the eyes and skin. Infections of the bone or nerve system occur less commonly.
Cats are more resistant to this infection than dogs. As a result, infections in cats are less severe. Most infections occur after 1 to 3 weeks of inhaling the fungus; however, the fungus can remain dormant for three or more years before exhibiting symptoms of infection. Cats with compromised immune systems are more susceptible to getting the disease’s severe form that is why Tucson veterinary services must always be in reach before it’s too late.
Symptoms and Warning Signs
Draining skin lesions are the most prevalent symptom of coccidioidomycosis in cats. In contrast to the dog, draining skin lesions are not always accompanied by underlying bone involvement. Fever, weight loss, and appetite loss are common symptoms in cats. Cats rarely exhibit the respiratory problems that dogs do.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on history, symptoms, x-rays of the lungs, organism identification, and blood testing. Chest x-rays frequently reveal a distinct pattern in the lungs. A small sample can be obtained and examined under a microscope to locate the fungus if a skin lesion is draining. Visit this link if you believe your cat needs an x-ray.
Suppose a biopsy or a sample from a draining lesion cannot be used to obtain a diagnosis. In that case, blood testing to detect circulating antibodies to Coccidioides is usually employed as a presumptive test. In most cases, a baseline blood test of a complete blood count (CBC) and blood chemistry to assess red and white blood cells and organ function is beneficial.
Treatment
Coccidioidomycosis is generally treated with an antifungal medication taken at home. During this time, signs of sickness progression or improvement and adverse drug reactions should be documented. Vomiting, diarrhea, appetite loss, respiratory problems, and weight loss should be immediately reported to a vet for valley fever treatment.
Prevention Is Better Than Cure
The key component of the prevention plan is to avoid areas where Coccidioides are known to be present in the soil. To reduce the possibility of your pet contracting this condition, you should exercise particular caution near animals who have immunosuppressive disorders or are already on immunosuppressive drugs.